Concert tom-toms, distinct from their counterparts in the drum kit, are specially designed for the nuanced requirements of orchestral and concert band settings. With their deep resonance and wide tonal range, they provide percussionists the ability to convey varied musical expressions within a symphonic context.
Physical Structure
- Shell: Typically made of high-quality wood or fiberglass, the shell is responsible for the drum’s core tone.
- Drumhead: While similar in construction to drum kit toms, concert tom-toms usually have only a top (batter) head, leaving the bottom open, which results in a more focused and immediate sound.
- Hoops: These secure the drumhead to the shell, allowing for tension adjustments which in turn affects the pitch and tone.
- Lugs: These facilitate the tightening or loosening of the drumhead, enabling precise tuning.
Sound Production
When struck, the batter head of the concert tom-tom vibrates to produce its distinct sound. Due to the absence of a resonant head at the bottom, concert tom-toms yield a quicker decay and more articulate tone, making them ideal for precise rhythmic patterns in ensemble settings.
Types and Configuration
- Single-headed Design: Traditional design with only a batter head.
- Mounted Toms: Typically arranged in sets, these can be mounted on stands in descending order of pitch.
- Floor Toms: Larger drums positioned on the ground, offering deeper tones.
Historical Context
While tom-toms have ancient origins, their adaptation into Western orchestral music is relatively recent. Concert tom-toms evolved in the 20th century, reflecting the desire for more diverse percussive sounds in symphonic compositions.
Concert Tom-Toms in Music
Whether providing rhythmic backbone or creating atmospheric textures, concert tom-toms find their place in orchestral, wind band, and percussion ensemble literature. Their versatility can be heard in works ranging from film scores to contemporary symphonic compositions.
Notable Compositions and Composers
- Leonard Bernstein: Utilized concert toms in various works, adding unique percussive color.
- John Williams: Renowned for film scores that employ a broad spectrum of percussion, including concert tom-toms.
- Alan Hovhaness: His compositions often incorporate diverse percussive elements, with concert tom-toms playing a pivotal role.
Conclusion
Concert tom-toms, with their articulate sound and dynamic capabilities, enrich the percussive tapestry of orchestral music. Through the hands of skilled percussionists and the visions of innovative composers, these drums contribute to the ever-evolving sonic landscape of symphonic expression.