Introduction
The Tambourine, a musical instrument in the percussion family, is famed for its unique ability to elevate the rhythmic foundation and texture of music across various genres. It consists of a frame, often made of wood or plastic, with pairs of small metal jingles, which is called “zils”.
Physical Structure
- Frame: The basic structure, usually circular, which can be made from wood, plastic, or metal.
- Zils: Pairs of small metal jingles, attached to the frame, that produce the characteristic sound when shaken or struck.
- Head: Some tambourines feature a drumhead, made of skin or synthetic materials, which can be struck with the hand or a stick.
Sound Production
Sound is produced in the tambourine by striking the frame or head, if it has one, and/or by shaking the instrument, which causes the zils to jingle. Different playing techniques, like thumb rolls, shaking, and striking in varied manners, enable the player to create diverse rhythmic patterns and sound textures.
Repertoire and Styles
The tambourine is prominent across numerous musical contexts, from orchestral pieces and church music to pop and folk genres. Its vibrant, shimmering sound and rhythmic versatility have made it a favorite among musicians for its ability to embellish and uplift musical compositions.
Notable Players
- Evelyn Glennie: A groundbreaking solo percussionist, using the tambourine as part of her extensive repertoire.
- Stevie Nicks: Known for incorporating the tambourine into her performances, adding a rhythmic layer to her music.
- Cindy Blackman Santana: Renowned drummer and percussionist recognized for her adept tambourine use within various music styles.
Conclusion
From simple rhythm accompaniment to intricate solo passages, the tambourine has permeated various musical genres and cultural practices with its jingling, vibrant sound. This unassuming yet impactful instrument continues to be a staple in diverse musical settings, enchanting listeners with its rhythmic sparkle and playful timbre.